You may have heard someone say, “People with Down syndrome don’t really get cavities.” At first, that may sound surprising, especially because cavities are one of the most common dental concerns for children and adults.
So, is it true?
The short answer is: not exactly.
People with Down syndrome can absolutely get cavities. However, some research has found that individuals with Down syndrome may have fewer cavities on average compared to individuals without Down syndrome. That is likely where this idea comes from. But “lower risk” does not mean “no risk,” and every patient’s oral health needs are different.
Where Did This Idea Come From?
Some dental research has reported lower rates of dental caries, which is the clinical term for cavities or tooth decay, among individuals with Down syndrome. A systematic review and meta-analysis published in PLOS ONE found evidence suggesting an association between Down syndrome and lower dental caries experience in some groups.
There are a few possible reasons this may happen. Some individuals with Down syndrome may have delayed tooth eruption, smaller teeth, spaces between teeth, or missing teeth. When teeth are spaced farther apart, it may sometimes be easier for saliva to move between them and help rinse the mouth.
Still, this does not mean cavities cannot happen.
So, Is It a Myth?
Yes, the idea that people with Down syndrome “can’t get cavities” is a myth.
A more accurate way to say it would be: some people with Down syndrome may have a lower cavity risk, but they are not cavity-proof.
Cavities are affected by many factors, including diet, brushing habits, fluoride, saliva, medications, dental visits, and overall health. A child with Down syndrome who frequently snacks on sugary foods, drinks sweet beverages often, or has difficulty brushing thoroughly can still develop cavities.
Cavities Are Only One Part of Oral Health
Even if a child with Down syndrome has fewer cavities, dental care is still very important. Individuals with Down syndrome may have other oral health needs, including delayed tooth eruption, missing teeth, smaller teeth, crowding or spacing, bite differences, teeth grinding, mouth breathing, and gum concerns.
Gum health is especially important. Gum disease involves inflammation or infection of the tissues that support the teeth. The CDC notes that periodontal disease can affect the gums and bone around the teeth, which is why regular dental care and good oral hygiene matter.
For some children with Down syndrome, daily brushing and flossing may require extra support. Low muscle tone, sensory sensitivities, smaller mouths, or difficulty with fine motor skills can make oral hygiene more challenging. A consistent routine, caregiver assistance, and patience can make a big difference.
What Parents and Caregivers Can Do
Families can support healthy smiles by focusing on prevention and routine care. Helpful habits include brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, flossing where teeth touch, drinking water throughout the day, limiting frequent sugary snacks and drinks, and keeping regular dental visits.
It can also help to prepare children for dental visits ahead of time. Families may use social stories, practice opening wide at home, bring comfort items, or talk with the dental team about sensory preferences and communication needs.
The Bottom Line
People with Down syndrome can get cavities. The idea that they cannot is a myth.
While some research suggests individuals with Down syndrome may have fewer cavities on average, every child is different. Oral health is about more than cavities alone. Gum health, tooth development, bite alignment, comfort, confidence, and daily routines all matter.
At UPD Dental Associates, we understand that every child’s smile is unique. Our goal is to support patients and families with dental care that is patient, compassionate, and centered around each child’s individual needs.
Sources
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “About Cavities (Tooth Decay).” CDC Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “About Periodontal (Gum) Disease.” CDC Oral Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
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Deps, Tahyna Duda, et al. “Association between Dental Caries and Down Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” PLOS ONE, vol. 10, no. 6, 18 June 2015, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127484.